Allawi, Muhammed Salih (2025) Obesity and Respiratory Diseases: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Implications—A Review. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 6 (4). ISSN 2660-4159

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Abstract

Obesity constitutes a significant health global issue; it has been associated with a rise in chronic diseases such as respiratory diseases. Excessive adipose tissue accumulation can affect the lung function in a variety of ways including mechanical, inflammatory, metabolic and hormonal. The greater thoracic and abdominal fat volume may lead to a decrease in lung volume, limitation of diaphragmatic function, hyperwork of breathing and exercise intolerance. Moreover, adipose tissue is an active endocrine and immune organ, and releases adipokines and inflammatory mediators which may affect airway function and respiratory control. These mechanisms have been linked to a number of important respiratory diseases, including obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, asthma, obesity hypoventilation syndrome and respiratory dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Obesity can also make the diagnosis of respiratory disease difficult, as symptoms like dyspnea, fatigue and exercise intolerance can either be due to the obesity or be caused by other pulmonary disease. This review discusses the key pathophysiological mechanisms linking obesity to respiratory dysfunction and its link to common respiratory diseases. It also covers clinical evaluation, weight-management algorithms, pharmacological management, multi-disciplinary management and novel treatments. Further knowledge of the complex interplay of obesity and respiratory health is needed to aid early diagnosis, personalized treatment, prevention of complications, and clinical outcomes.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Obesity, Respiratory Diseases, Lung Function, Asthma, Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Subjects:	H Social Sciences
Depositing User:	admin eprints
Date Deposited:	31 Oct 2026 11:11
Last Modified:	31 Oct 2026 11:11
URI:	http://eprints.umsida.ac.id/id/eprint/17352

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