Obeed, Ameer Najy and Obaid, Ali Jaafar and Hammadi, Ali S. and Al-Waeli, Jaafar Hamid Jaafar and Muslem, Hanadi Tahseen and Hamad, Ali Kumait (2026) EVALUATION OF EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY (ESWL) IN RENAL CALCULI MANAGEMENT: A RETROSPECTIVE-SIMULATED MULTI-CENTER STUDY IN BAGHDAD, IRAQ. Journal of Medical Genetics and Clinical Biology, 3 (10). ISSN 3032-1085

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Abstract

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy, success rates, and associated complication profiles of ESWL for renal calculi across specialized urology centers in Baghdad, Iraq, utilizing simulated multi-center clinical data. Method: A retrospective-simulated cohort of 300 patients (180 males, 120 females; mean age 43.2 ± 11.5 years) treated with modern electromagnetic and piezoelectric lithotripters over a 12-month period was analyzed. Stone parameters, stone-free rates (SFR) at 3 months post-procedure, session requirements, and complication indices were statistically evaluated. Results: The overall stone-free rate (SFR) at 3 months was 78.3%. For calculi smaller than 1.5 cm, the success rate reached 85.4%, compared to 57.1% for stones equal to or exceeding 1.5 cm. A secondary session was required in 21.7% of cases, predominantly driven by stone density (greater than 1000 HU) and increased stone burden. Minor complications, primarily transient gross hematuria and self-limiting renal colic, were observed in 11.7% of patients, with zero major Clavien-Dindo grade III-V complications. Novelty: ESWL demonstrates exceptional safety and efficacy in Baghdad's urological centers for small-to-moderate renal calculi. Strict patient selection based on stone size, skin-to-stone distance, and composition significantly enhances therapeutic outcomes.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL), renal calculi, stone-free rate, Hounsfield units, urolithiasis
Subjects:	H Social Sciences
Depositing User:	admin eprints
Date Deposited:	16 Oct 2026 14:53
Last Modified:	16 Oct 2026 14:53
URI:	http://eprints.umsida.ac.id/id/eprint/17214

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